Sexual and Reproductive Diseases

Sexual and Reproductive Diseases: Recognition, Symptoms and Treatment

Importance of Awareness About Sexual Diseases

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) include infections that are transmitted through sexual contact. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these diseases prevents transmission to others and maintains individuals' sexual health.


Genital Warts (HPV)

Genital warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus has various types and some of them can cause cancer.

  • Appearance of small soft bumps on the skin or mucous membranes of the genital area, anus or throat
  • Pink or gray color and may be clustered or single
  • Itching, burning or mild bleeding
  • In many cases asymptomatic and the person is a carrier

Prevention: HPV vaccination, condom use and regular check-ups


Genital Herpes (Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV)

Genital herpes is caused by HSV virus and causes painful blisters and lesions in the genital area. This disease is chronic and has recurrent episodes.

  • Small painful blisters in the genital area or around the anus
  • Itching and burning
  • Fever, headache and muscle pain in early stages

Treatment: Antiviral medications to reduce severity and duration of recurrence episodes


Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is a common bacterial infection that affects the reproductive system, anus and throat.

  • Thick yellow or green discharge from penis or vagina
  • Burning during urination
  • Pain in the genital area or abdomen

Treatment: Antibiotics prescribed by physician


Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common bacterial infection often without initial symptoms that can cause infertility.

  • Abnormal discharge from vagina or penis
  • Burning during urination
  • Abdominal or pelvic pain in women

Treatment: Complete antibiotic course and avoiding sexual relations until treatment completion


Syphilis

Syphilis is a serious bacterial infection that if left untreated, progresses to advanced stages and affects various body organs.

  • Stage 1: Painless sores in the genital area
  • Stage 2: Skin lesions, fever, muscle pain
  • Stage 3: Damage to heart, brain and other organs (if untreated)

Treatment: Injectable or oral antibiotics depending on disease stage


HIV / AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) weakens the body's immune system and if untreated leads to AIDS.

  • Developing frequent and severe infections
  • Sudden weight loss
  • Persistent fatigue and prolonged fevers

Prevention: Condom use, avoiding needle sharing and regular testing


General Prevention Methods for Sexual Diseases

  • Correct use of condoms in all sexual relations
  • Limiting number of sexual partners
  • Vaccination (such as HPV)
  • Regular testing and check-ups
  • Avoiding sharing personal items and maintaining personal hygiene

When to See a Doctor?

  • Observation of lesions, warts or abnormal discharge in the genital area
  • Burning or pain during urination
  • Abnormal pain or bleeding
  • History of high-risk relationships and concern about infection

Dr. Afshin Molaei, kidney and urinary tract specialist, with experience in diagnosing and treating various sexual and reproductive diseases in men and women, is ready to provide consultation and specialized services. You can schedule an appointment through the online form or direct contact.